вторник, 19 января 2021 г.
ПРАЗДНИКИ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ
Праздники Великобритании
Цель: углубить знания
учащихся по страноведению (праздники Великобритании); мотивировать на изучение
английского языка; отрабатывать все виды
речевых навыков; прививать интерес, толерантное отношение к культуре другого народа; развивать творческие
задатки учащихся.
Оборудование: медиа
проектор, ноутбук, картинки и рисунки по теме, аудиосопровождение, костюмы,
видеофильмы по теме.
Форма проведения:
виртульная экскурсия.
Класс: 9
Учитель: Набокова М.А.
Ход
мероприятия
В.1: Учить английский и не знать английских праздников? Это nonsense,
к тому же недальновидно: оказавшись в Британии в августе, обидно было бы
не увидеть крупнейший карнавал в Европе, в ноябре — потрясающие воображение
фейерверки Ночи Гая Фокса, в июне — празднование официального Дня рождения
королевы.
В.2: А поздравив своего британского друга
с праздником, вы не только порадуете его (или ее), но и укрепите ваши дружеские отношения. Но хватит о делах!
"Work done, have your fun!":
ведь сегодня мы говорим о том, как британцы проводят свое свободное от работы
время, а именно — о праздниках!
В1: Английское слово holiday произошло
от словосочетания “holy day”, «священный день», который в прошлом
посвящали богослужению. В наше время праздники бывают как религиозные, так и
светские.
В2: Кроме того, существует целый ряд странных праздников, weird
holidays — по одному и более на каждый день в году. К примеру, в
Великобритании проводят фестивали соломенного медведя («Straw Bear Festival») и
огородных пугал («Scarecrow Festiva»l), отмечают Пятницу поцелуев («Kissing
Friday») и День благословения горла («Blessing of the Throats Day»), проводят
чемпионаты по катанию сыра («Cheese Rolling Championships») и по заплыву в
водолазной маске в болоте («Bog Snorkelling Championships») — и так далее, и тому подобное.
В1: British
people like holidays. Here are some of the traditional holidays they celebrate:
1 January - New Year`s Day, 14 February - St.Valentine`s Day, March or April -
Easter Festival, 31 October - Halloween, 5 November - Guy Fawkes` Night, 25
December - Christmas Festival.
В2: Let’s know more about each of this
holiday.
Слайд1,2,3
Christmas Time
Christmas Day, December 25, is
probably the most popular holiday in Great Britain. It is a family holiday.
Traditionally all relatives and friends give each other presents. So, before
Christmas all the department stores and shops are crowded, everybody is
choosing a present.
In general, people get prepared
for this holiday very carefully. They decorate their houses in the traditional
way. Christmas trees are set up in houses, in the streets and churches. They
are always decorated with fairy lights, angels and small toys. In addition,
little packets with nuts, candies and special biscuits are hung on the tree.
Presents are put around the tree and artificial «frost» is scattered over the
branches.
On the eve of Christmas children
hang their stockings, so that Santa Claus could put presents into them:
oranges, sweets, nuts and if the child didn't behave properly Santa Claus can
put there a piece of coal as punishment.
Carol singing is an essential part
of Christmas. No church or school is without its carol service. Carols may be
traditional or with some variations that express different feelings. Carols
were used for the first time during Christmas in the fifteenth century.
Usually children come around in
the evening to the front doors and start singing carols and people who live in
these houses give children candies, nuts, pies and so on, to thank them for
carol singing.
A typical Christmas lunch includes turkey with cranberry sauce and pudding.
Every young woman in each household helps to stir the Christmas pudding, if she
wishes to be married that year. Usually a coin or two are hidden inside the
pudding and part of the fun is to see who finds it.
After the lunch they go to the
sitting room to listen to the Christmas speech of the Queen, shown on TV.
So, Christmas is a merry family holiday for all the people of Great Britain. Christmas comes but once a year.
Слайд 4
Тhe New Year
In England the New Year is not as
widely as Christmas. Some people ignore it completely and go to bed at the same
time as usual on New Year's Eve. Many others, however, do celebrate it in one
way or another, the type of celebration varying very much according to the
local custom, family tradition and personal taste.
The most common type of
celebration is a New Year party, either a family party or one arranged by a
group of young people. This usually begins at about eight o'clock and goes on
until the early hours of the morning. At midnight the wireless is turned on, so
that everyone can hear the chimes of Big Ben, and on the hour a toasts and Auld
Lang Syne (a song by Robert Burns) is sung. Then the party goes on.
Another popular way of
celebrating the New Year is to go to a New Year's dance. Most hotels and dance
halls hold a special dance on New Year's Eve. The hall is decorated, there are
several different bands and the atmosphere is very gay.
The most famous celebration is
in London round the statue of Eros in Piccadilly Circus where crowds gather and
sing and welcome the New Year. In Trafalgar Square there is also a big crowd
and someone usually falls into the fountain.
Those who have no desire or no
opportunity to celebrate the New Year themselves can sit and watch other people
celebrating on television. It is an indication of the relative unimportance of
the New Year in England that the television producers seem unable to find any
traditional English festivities for their programmes and usually show Scottish
ones.
January 1st, New Year's Day, is now a
public holiday, fortunately for those who like to celebrate most of the night.
Some people send New Year cards and give presents but this is not a widespread
custom. This is the traditional time for making "New Year
resolutions", for example, to give up smoking, or to get up earlier.
However, these are generally more talked about than put into practice.
Слайд 5
St Valentine's Day
St Valentine's
Day comes on February 14. It is not a legal or a national holiday. Banks and
offices are not closed, but it is a happy little festival for young people. It
is widely celebrated among people of all ages by exchange of
"valentines". A "valentine" may mean a special
greeting-card or a little present. It may be for the person who receives the
gift. St Valentine is the patron of sweethearts. February 14 is the anniversary
of his death. The day is the time to send little gifts to those you love. Flowers
and candy are favourite presents which sweethearts send to each other.
Valentine candy is packed in red heart-shaped boxes and sold for this one day.
Valentines are special greeting cards. They are often coloured red, have red
trimmings and pictures of hearts. Some "valentines" are very fancy,
they are trimmed with paper lace and little bows of paper ribbon. They have
verses of love poetry printed on them. It is a good day for parties, especially
by young people. The hosts trim the hall with red and white paper hearts.
Refreshments are often coloured red, like red candy and punch. Sandwiches and
cakes are often cut in the shape of hearts. Sometimes, a King and Queen of
Hearts are chosen for the evening of dance.
Слайд 6
Pancake Day
Pancake Day, or Shrove Tuesday, is a special day celebrated in many
countries around the world. It is celebrated in English-speaking countries like
the UK, Ireland, Australia and Canada. In France, the USA and other countries,
it is called 'Mardi Gras' or 'Fat Tuesday'. In others like Spain, Italy or
Brazil, Shrove Tuesday is at the end of Carnival. On this day many people eat
pancakes: thin, flat cakes made in a pan.
Pancake Day is always on a Tuesday in February or March. It is the day
before Ash Wednesday, the start of Lent. Lent is a period of 40 days before
Easter when people often give up or stop eating things that are bad for them
like chocolate or fast food. At the end of Lent is Easter. Easter takes place
on a different date each year because it depends on the moon. Easter Sunday is
the first Sunday after the first full moon of spring. Traditionally, during
Lent, people didn’t eat rich foods like butter and eggs, so to use them up they
made pancakes from these ingredients on Shrove Tuesday.
Another tradition on Pancake Day in the UK is pancake racing. People run in
a race with a pancake in a pan. As they run, they have to toss the pancake
(throw the pancake in the air and catch it in the pan) several times. In some
pancake races people dress up in fancy dress costumes. The most famous pancake
race takes place in a town called Olney, in the middle of England. People say
that Olney has been celebrating pancake races since 1445!
Pancakes are very easy to make. Try our recipe.
Ingredients:
·
One cup of flour
·
One cup of milk
·
One large egg
·
Some salt
·
Some butter or oil
·
Lemon juice
·
Some sugar
Instructions:
Fill one cup with flour and put into a bowl. Fill another cup with milk and
pour into the bowl. Crack the egg into the bowl and whisk the flour, milk and
egg until the mixture is smooth. Put a very small amount of butter or oil in a
pan, and when it is hot, put some mixture in the pan and move the pan to make a
thin pancake. After one minute hold the pan carefully and throw or toss the
pancake in the air to turn it over. Now cook the pancake on the other side.
When the pancake is ready, squeeze some lemon juice and put some sugar on
it and eat it immediately. If you don’t like lemon juice, eat them with jam,
chocolate sauce or ice cream. Mmm, delicious!
Слайд 7
Easter in Great Britain
Easter is a very
popular holiday in Great Britain. At Easter the British celebrate the idea
of the new birth by giving each other chocolate Easter eggs, which are opened
and eaten on Easter Sunday. On Good Friday bakers sell hot cross
buns. Easter Monday is a holiday and many people travel to the seaside for
the day or go and watch one of the many sporting events as football or horse
racing. Egg - rolling is a traditional Easter pastime which is still
popular in Northern England, Scotland, Wales and Isle of Man. It takes
place on Easter Sunday or Monday, and consists of rolling coloured, hard-boiled
eggs down a slope until they are cracked and broken after which the players eat
them. In some parts of Britain the competitions take place and the winner
is a player whose egg remains longest undamaged, but usually the fun is just
rolling and eating. This is the older form of the custom, since
egg-rolling does not appear to have been a game to be lost or won.
Слайд 8
Remembrance
Day
Remembrance Day is celebrated on
11 November. It is a special day to remember all those men and women who were
killed during the two World Wars and other conflicts. At one time the day was
known as Armistice Day and was renamed Remembrance Day after the Second World
War.
Remembrance Sunday is held on the
second Sunday in November, which is usually the Sunday nearest to 11 November.
Special services are held at war memorials and churches of all over Britain. A
national ceremony takes place at the cenotaph in Whitehall, London.
The first actual Poppy Day was
held in Britain on November 11. Since then, during every November, they keep
the memory alive, who sacrificed their lives during war.
Throughout the world the poppy is
associated with the remembrance of those who died in order that we may be free.
But how many of us are aware of the reason of how and why the poppy became the
symbol of remembrance? The areas of northern France known as Flanders and
Picardy saw some of the most concentrated and bloodiest fightings of the First
World War. There was complete devastation. Buildings, roads, trees simply
disappeared. Where once there were homes and farms, there was now a sea of mud
- a grave for the dead where soldiers still lived and fought. After that, only
one living thing survived the poppy flower. The poppy, flowering each year with
the coming of the warm weather, brought life, hope, colour and consolation to
those still fighting.
Слайд 9
May
Day
The first day of the month of May is known as May Day. It is the time of year
when warmer weather begins and flowers and trees start to blossom. It is said
to be a time of love and romance. It is when people celebrate the coming of
summer with lots of different customs that are expressions of joy and hope
after a long winter. copyright of protectbritain
Traditional English May Day celebrations include Morris dancing, crowning a May Queen and dancing around a Maypole.
On May Day, people used to cut down young trees and
stick them in the ground in the village to mark the arrival of summer.
People danced around the tree poles in celebration of
the end of winter and the start of the fine weather that would allow planting
to begin.
Maypoles were once common all over England and were
kept from one year to the next. Schools would practice skipping round the pole
for weeks before the final show on the village greens.
The end results would be either a beautiful plaited
pattern of ribbons round the pole or a tangled cat's cradle, depending on how
much rehearsing had been done. c
|
Interesting Fact |
|
The tallest
maypole is said to have been erected in London on the Strand in 1661; it
stood over 143 feet high. It was felled in 1717, when it was used by Isaac
Newton to support Huygen's new reflecting telescope. |
Слайд 10
Halloween
One of the
national festivals of English-speaking countries is Halloween. It takes place
on October 31 on Allhallow’s Eve.
The pumpkin is a
symbol of this festival in which offensive face is cut out. A lighted candle is
put into the pumpkin. It was considered that pumpkin left about the house on
All Saints' Day drove off malignant demons. The song “Monster Mash” by Bobby
Pickett is an informal hymn of this festival.
On this day
parties are held and people put on suits of the terrible creatures and monsters
from films. Children go from house to house, sing songs and try to get
sweeties. Besides that games and fortune-telling are widely spread on
Halloween. At night children and teenagers tell each other horror stories and
legends and the most popular legend is about Bloody Mary. She is said to appear
in a mirror when her name is called three times.
Organization of
attractions where visitors are got scared is also an important tradition. On
this holiday television broadcasts a lot of horror films and animations. On
this day we can show our fantasy and live in the world of dead for a little
while.
Halloween has
been gaining in popularity in Russia recently
Слайд 11
Спасибо за внимание!
среда, 27 мая 2020 г.
пятница, 3 апреля 2020 г.
Подписаться на:
Комментарии (Atom)