ПРАЗДНИКИ ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИИ

 

                                                Праздники Великобритании

Цель: углубить знания учащихся по страноведению (праздники Великобритании); мотивировать на изучение английского языка; отрабатывать  все виды речевых навыков; прививать интерес, толерантное отношение  к  культуре другого народа; развивать творческие задатки учащихся.

Оборудование: медиа проектор, ноутбук, картинки и рисунки по теме, аудиосопровождение, костюмы, видеофильмы по теме.

Форма проведения: виртульная экскурсия.

Класс: 9

Учитель: Набокова М.А.

 

Ход мероприятия

В.1: Учить английский и не знать английских праздников? Это nonsense, к тому же недальновидно: оказавшись в Британии в августе, обидно было бы не увидеть крупнейший карнавал в Европе, в ноябре — потрясающие воображение фейерверки Ночи Гая Фокса, в июне — празднование официального Дня рождения королевы.

В.2: А поздравив своего британского друга с праздником, вы не только порадуете его (или ее), но и укрепите ваши дружеские  отношения. Но хватит о делах!

"Work done, have your fun!": ведь сегодня мы говорим о том, как британцы проводят свое свободное от работы время, а именно — о праздниках! 

В1: Английское слово holiday произошло от словосочетания “holy day”, «священный день», который в прошлом посвящали богослужению. В наше время праздники бывают как религиозные, так и светские.

В2: Кроме того, существует целый ряд странных праздников, weird holidays — по одному и более на каждый день в году. К примеру, в Великобритании проводят фестивали соломенного медведя («Straw Bear Festival») и огородных пугал («Scarecrow Festiva»l), отмечают Пятницу поцелуев («Kissing Friday») и День благословения горла («Blessing of the Throats Day»), проводят чемпионаты по катанию сыра («Cheese Rolling Championships») и по заплыву в водолазной маске в болоте («Bog Snorkelling Championships») — и так далее, и тому подобное.

В1: British people like holidays. Here are some of the traditional holidays they celebrate: 1 January - New Year`s Day, 14 February - St.Valentine`s Day, March or April - Easter Festival, 31 October - Halloween, 5 November - Guy Fawkes` Night, 25 December - Christmas Festival.

В2: Let’s know more about each of this holiday.

Слайд1,2,3

                                                           Christmas Time

   Christmas Day, December 25, is probably the most popular holiday in Great Britain. It is a family holiday. Traditionally all relatives and friends give each other presents. So, before Christmas all the department stores and shops are crowded, everybody is choosing a present.

   In general, people get prepared for this holiday very carefully. They decorate their houses in the traditional way. Christmas trees are set up in houses, in the streets and churches. They are always decorated with fairy lights, angels and small toys. In addition, little packets with nuts, candies and special biscuits are hung on the tree. Presents are put around the tree and artificial «frost» is scattered over the branches.

    On the eve of Christmas children hang their stockings, so that Santa Claus could put presents into them: oranges, sweets, nuts and if the child didn't behave properly Santa Claus can put there a piece of coal as punishment.

   Carol singing is an essential part of Christmas. No church or school is without its carol service. Carols may be traditional or with some variations that express different feelings. Carols were used for the first time during Christmas in the fifteenth century.

   Usually children come around in the evening to the front doors and start singing carols and people who live in these houses give children candies, nuts, pies and so on, to thank them for carol singing.

A typical Christmas lunch includes turkey with cranberry sauce and pudding. Every young woman in each household helps to stir the Christmas pudding, if she wishes to be married that year. Usually a coin or two are hidden inside the pudding and part of the fun is to see who finds it.

    After the lunch they go to the sitting room to listen to the Christmas speech of the Queen, shown on TV.

    So, Christmas is a merry family holiday for all the people of Great Britain. Christmas comes but once a year.

Слайд 4

 Тhe New Year

    In England the New Year is not as widely as Christmas. Some people ignore it completely and go to bed at the same time as usual on New Year's Eve. Many others, however, do celebrate it in one way or another, the type of celebration varying very much according to the local custom, family tradition and personal taste.

      The most common type of celebration is a New Year party, either a family party or one arranged by a group of young people. This usually begins at about eight o'clock and goes on until the early hours of the morning. At midnight the wireless is turned on, so that everyone can hear the chimes of Big Ben, and on the hour a toasts and Auld Lang Syne (a song by Robert Burns) is sung. Then the party goes on.

       Another popular way of celebrating the New Year is to go to a New Year's dance. Most hotels and dance halls hold a special dance on New Year's Eve. The hall is decorated, there are several different bands and the atmosphere is very gay.

       The most famous celebration is in London round the statue of Eros in Piccadilly Circus where crowds gather and sing and welcome the New Year. In Trafalgar Square there is also a big crowd and someone usually falls into the fountain.

       Those who have no desire or no opportunity to celebrate the New Year themselves can sit and watch other people celebrating on television. It is an indication of the relative unimportance of the New Year in England that the television producers seem unable to find any traditional English festivities for their programmes and usually show Scottish ones.

       January 1st, New Year's Day, is now a public holiday, fortunately for those who like to celebrate most of the night. Some people send New Year cards and give presents but this is not a widespread custom. This is the traditional time for making "New Year resolutions", for example, to give up smoking, or to get up earlier. However, these are generally more talked about than put into practice.

 

Слайд 5

 

St Valentine's Day

St Valentine's Day comes on February 14. It is not a legal or a national holiday. Banks and offices are not closed, but it is a happy little festival for young people. It is widely celebrated among people of all ages by exchange of "valentines". A "valentine" may mean a special greeting-card or a little present. It may be for the person who receives the gift. St Valentine is the patron of sweethearts. February 14 is the anniversary of his death. The day is the time to send little gifts to those you love. Flowers and candy are favourite presents which sweethearts send to each other. Valentine candy is packed in red heart-shaped boxes and sold for this one day. Valentines are special greeting cards. They are often coloured red, have red trimmings and pictures of hearts. Some "valentines" are very fancy, they are trimmed with paper lace and little bows of paper ribbon. They have verses of love poetry printed on them. It is a good day for parties, especially by young people. The hosts trim the hall with red and white paper hearts. Refreshments are often coloured red, like red candy and punch. Sandwiches and cakes are often cut in the shape of hearts. Sometimes, a King and Queen of Hearts are chosen for the evening of dance.

Слайд 6

Pancake Day

Pancake Day, or Shrove Tuesday, is a special day celebrated in many countries around the world. It is celebrated in English-speaking countries like the UK, Ireland, Australia and Canada. In France, the USA and other countries, it is called 'Mardi Gras' or 'Fat Tuesday'. In others like Spain, Italy or Brazil, Shrove Tuesday is at the end of Carnival. On this day many people eat pancakes: thin, flat cakes made in a pan.

Pancake Day is always on a Tuesday in February or March. It is the day before Ash Wednesday, the start of Lent. Lent is a period of 40 days before Easter when people often give up or stop eating things that are bad for them like chocolate or fast food. At the end of Lent is Easter. Easter takes place on a different date each year because it depends on the moon. Easter Sunday is the first Sunday after the first full moon of spring. Traditionally, during Lent, people didn’t eat rich foods like butter and eggs, so to use them up they made pancakes from these ingredients on Shrove Tuesday.

Another tradition on Pancake Day in the UK is pancake racing. People run in a race with a pancake in a pan. As they run, they have to toss the pancake (throw the pancake in the air and catch it in the pan) several times. In some pancake races people dress up in fancy dress costumes. The most famous pancake race takes place in a town called Olney, in the middle of England. People say that Olney has been celebrating pancake races since 1445!

Pancakes are very easy to make. Try our recipe.

Ingredients:

·         One cup of flour

·         One cup of milk

·         One large egg

·         Some salt

·         Some butter or oil

·         Lemon juice

·         Some sugar

Instructions:

Fill one cup with flour and put into a bowl. Fill another cup with milk and pour into the bowl. Crack the egg into the bowl and whisk the flour, milk and egg until the mixture is smooth. Put a very small amount of butter or oil in a pan, and when it is hot, put some mixture in the pan and move the pan to make a thin pancake. After one minute hold the pan carefully and throw or toss the pancake in the air to turn it over. Now cook the pancake on the other side.

When the pancake is ready, squeeze some lemon juice and put some sugar on it and eat it immediately. If you don’t like lemon juice, eat them with jam, chocolate sauce or ice cream. Mmm, delicious!

 

 Слайд 7

Easter in Great Britain

      Easter is a very popular holiday in Great Britain. At Easter the British celebrate the idea of the new birth by giving each other chocolate Easter eggs, which are opened and eaten on Easter Sunday. On Good Friday bakers sell hot cross buns. Easter Monday is a holiday and many people travel to the seaside for the day or go and watch one of the many sporting events as football or horse racing. Egg - rolling is a traditional Easter pastime which is still popular in Northern England, Scotland, Wales and Isle of Man. It takes place on Easter Sunday or Monday, and consists of rolling coloured, hard-boiled eggs down a slope until they are cracked and broken after which the players eat them. In some parts of Britain the competitions take place and the winner is a player whose egg remains longest undamaged, but usually the fun is just rolling and eating. This is the older form of the custom, since egg-rolling does not appear to have been a game to be lost or won. 

Слайд 8

Remembrance Day

   Remembrance Day is celebrated on 11 November. It is a special day to remember all those men and women who were killed during the two World Wars and other conflicts. At one time the day was known as Armistice Day and was renamed Remembrance Day after the Second World War.

    Remembrance Sunday is held on the second Sunday in November, which is usually the Sunday nearest to 11 November. Special services are held at war memorials and churches of all over Britain. A national ceremony takes place at the cenotaph in Whitehall, London.

    The first actual Poppy Day was held in Britain on November 11. Since then, during every November, they keep the memory alive, who sacrificed their lives during war.

    Throughout the world the poppy is associated with the remembrance of those who died in order that we may be free. But how many of us are aware of the reason of how and why the poppy became the symbol of remembrance? The areas of northern France known as Flanders and Picardy saw some of the most concentrated and bloodiest fightings of the First World War. There was complete devastation. Buildings, roads, trees simply disappeared. Where once there were homes and farms, there was now a sea of mud - a grave for the dead where soldiers still lived and fought. After that, only one living thing survived the poppy flower. The poppy, flowering each year with the coming of the warm weather, brought life, hope, colour and consolation to those still fighting.

Слайд 9

May Day

The first day of the month of May is known as May Day. It is the time of year when warmer weather begins and flowers and trees start to blossom. It is said to be a time of love and romance. It is when people celebrate the coming of summer with lots of different customs that are expressions of joy and hope after a long winter. copyright of protectbritain

Traditional English May Day celebrations include Morris dancing, crowning a May Queen and dancing around a Maypole.

On May Day, people used to cut down young trees and stick them in the ground in the village to mark the arrival of summer.

People danced around the tree poles in celebration of the end of winter and the start of the fine weather that would allow planting to begin.

Maypoles were once common all over England and were kept from one year to the next. Schools would practice skipping round the pole for weeks before the final show on the village greens.

The end results would be either a beautiful plaited pattern of ribbons round the pole or a tangled cat's cradle, depending on how much rehearsing had been done. c

Interesting Fact

The tallest maypole is said to have been erected in London on the Strand in 1661; it stood over 143 feet high. It was felled in 1717, when it was used by Isaac Newton to support Huygen's new reflecting telescope.

Слайд 10

Halloween

One of the national festivals of English-speaking countries is Halloween. It takes place on October 31 on Allhallow’s Eve.

The pumpkin is a symbol of this festival in which offensive face is cut out. A lighted candle is put into the pumpkin. It was considered that pumpkin left about the house on All Saints' Day drove off malignant demons. The song “Monster Mash” by Bobby Pickett is an informal hymn of this festival.

On this day parties are held and people put on suits of the terrible creatures and monsters from films. Children go from house to house, sing songs and try to get sweeties. Besides that games and fortune-telling are widely spread on Halloween. At night children and teenagers tell each other horror stories and legends and the most popular legend is about Bloody Mary. She is said to appear in a mirror when her name is called three times.

Organization of attractions where visitors are got scared is also an important tradition. On this holiday television broadcasts a lot of horror films and animations. On this day we can show our fantasy and live in the world of dead for a little while.

Halloween has been gaining in popularity in Russia recently

Слайд 11

                                                      Спасибо за внимание!